Essay on No Child Left Behind Harming or Hurting...

The No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) is an education policy originally proposed by President George Bush in 2001. Since then President Barrack Obama has added modifications in order to better educate the students of our Nation. The purpose of the NCLB is to enable all children to the same rights for education. Each child, regardless of race, gender or location should be able to obtain equal education. The policy requires highly educated teachers and annual state testing that is submitted to the government. The Federal definition of a â€Å"highly qualified teacher† requires the teacher to have certification for the State, having passed licensing exams. An elementary school teacher who is new to the field is required to have a minimum of†¦show more content†¦In reviewing CA department of education’s Report Card, which gives a complete breakdown of California schools testing scores overall, and also breaks down into gender, race and economic status the resul ts were underwhelming. The Report Card compared the school year 2008-09 to 2009-10. Regardless of the grade, or subject the results all seemed quite similar. There was very little difference between the years, in fact in some there was a decrease in academics instead of even a slight increase (CA Dept of Education, n.d). These results made me question just how effective the NCLB Act really is for California students. All three of my children placed above the standard and into the advanced category in both Math and English/Reading. I asked my oldest child Austin, who will be entering the 8th grade next month, if he felt he was challenged in his classes. Austin answered, â€Å"No, especially not in my Math and Core (English, and Language Arts) classes. The teachers have to spend too much time on things we learned years ago, just to catch people up. I spend most of my time in class working on the homework assigned for later that night because the class work is so easy I sit a round bored.† That response from Austin concerned me. I am aware that my son is quite bright as many children are. However, don’t they deserve to be challenged too? It seems to me that the NCLB Act helpsShow MoreRelatedFreedom of Speech, Comparing Freedom of Expression in the Statutory Law and the Sharia Law19992 Words   |  80 PagesTurner, the â€Å"Christian West† inherited the â€Å"scientific legacy from Islam. Thanks to increasing cultural traffic with Muslim lands via the busy Spanish and Sicilian gateways, the thriving routes of Mediterranean and overland commerce, and the contacts left over from the Crusades.† People sought to reinforce the principles of freedom and justice, which was clear in the slogan of the French revolution which was: liberty, equality and fraternity. The revolution in real freedom of expression has beenRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesMaking Oral and Written Presentations Supplement B Conducting Interviews 619 Supplement C Conducting Meetings 651 Appendix I Glossary 673 Appendix II References 683 Name Index 705 Subject Index 709 Combined Index 713 iii This page intentionally left blank CONTENTS Preface xvii INTRODUCTION 1 3 THE CRITICAL ROLE OF MANAGEMENT SKILLS The Importance of Competent Managers 6 The Skills of Effective Managers 7 Essential Management Skills 8 What Are Management Skills? 9 Improving ManagementRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesOrganizational Behavior This page intentionally left blank Organizational Behavior EDITION 15 Stephen P. Robbins —San Diego State University Timothy A. Judge —University of Notre Dame i3iEi35Bj! Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Director of Editorial Services:

Lasting Effect Of The Salem Witch Trials - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2280 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/05/28 Category History Essay Level High school Topics: Salem Witch Trials Essay Did you like this example? The Salem witch trials was an iconic part of American history. It has been an ongoing topic of discussion for historians. The Salem trials have been the subject of numerous plays, novels and researches. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Lasting Effect Of The Salem Witch Trials" essay for you Create order The trials have peaked the interests of a varied array of people right from the moment they took place. Although they took place three and a half centuries ago the trials have been re-visited through different time periods. Currently, in the twenty-first century many of Salem Villagers (current day Danvers) attractions are places such as the Salem Witch Museum and the Witch House, these places are not only a popular destination for tourists but also for locals. HOW IT ALL STARTED Salem village located in the Northern coast of Massachusetts was infamously known for its 1692 witch trials. The witch trials in Salem erupted as the witch craze in Europe began to fizzle. Although the witch frenzy in America began with Salem, and then it spread to numerous nearby localities. During this time frame the 500+ inhabitants of Salem lived in two very discrete communities, there was Salem Village and Salem Town. While Salem Town was located closer to the Atlantic, filled with many influential citizens and any possible forms of communication with the outside world, had become a metropolitan of sorts. While on community was bustling with life, the other one was tucked into the nook; surrounded by wilderness. The village was known for its agriculture, and farm land, but was cut off from and sense of modern thinking. The inhabitants of Salem village were mainly farmers and servants who abided by the more traditional and religious ideas. With this backward thinking itrs easy to see why Salem was able to succumb to the idea of witch practices. The witch fever in Salem started when young girls in the village began displaying symptoms of choking, fits and seizures. In January of 1692 the 9 year old daughter and the 11 year old niece of the Reverend Samuel Parish began to show these symptoms. Soon these symptoms were displayed by other girls in the community. In this time period there was lack of medical expertise who could correctly diagnose the situation, It then when there was no conclusion about the source of the girls ailment that local doctor William Griggs in accordance to the general attitude and beliefs at the time; made a diagnosis that the conditions of the girls at Salem was not one due to a medical illness but one caused by an evil hand [Ray]. When the girls were questioned about the source of their ailment they refused to answer until one girl finally gave in and pointed her finger at Tituba; the mixed breed slave of Reverend Parish. They claimed that they had been under the influence of witchcraft; under the influence of the devil. The girls played a vital role in the process of getting two other women alongside Tituba guilty of practicing witchcraft. During the trials of these three women the girls were heavily relied on. When Tituba eventually confessed to the crime of dabbling in Witchcraft she said The Devil came to me and bid me serve him. In her confession she admitted that she was guilty if partaking in witchcraft, she said that she and the two other women had signed the book of the devil, with the mission of destroying the puritans. Contrary to Dr.Griggs diagnostic, medical research has shown that the reason for the symptoms was a fungal poisoning. The fungal poisoning was caused by the consumption of bread that had been made from rye that had been infected by fungi. Itrs not quite surprising that these symptoms have occurred considering the fact that bread (and other grain) were a staple food; in Salem and nearby towns. The weather conditions at the time were also in favor of the fungal growth. This fungal epidemic didnt start with Salem. Similar symptoms had occurred periodically in Europe several years prior to the witch trials of 1692 [Caporael 23]. RELIGION and MISOGNY AS A FACTOR It is important to look at the religious scenario at the time. Religion was an integral part of Salem, the Puritan ideology was deeply rooted in the members of its society. The people of this society from the moment they were born were invested into this lifestyle, and it would follow them into the afterlife. They believed in the existence of an afterlife and that their crimes before death would follow them there [Stone 3]. In order to ensure that everyone could read the Bible there was an emphasis on literacy. Members of the society were expected to abide by a strict morale code and adhere to a rigorous church schedule. Anyone who chose to rebel was worthy of punishment from god. The Puritans were deeply devoted to God and strongly believe in his power, they were afraid of the punishment he would cast upon them. Therefore they try to avoid partaking in activities that would categorize them as sinners at any cost. For puritans holiness was a matter of the soul, being unable to attain this would mean you were unworthy. As a child being born into the Puritan society would mean that you were told stories of hellfire and made to fear eternal domination if one was sinful [Stone 3]. The amount of faith they had in god was immense, but they equally believed in the existence of the Devil. This fear in the devil meant that by association witches; practitioners of the dark arts who were influenced by the devil, were also sinners. Not only is this a fear in the devil itrs also a fear of the unknown. In this situation almost anybody could be accused of practicing magic. But contrary to the misogyny centered European witch hunts, the Salem trials had several men who were tried and hanged. During the trials it was uncommon for a women to accuse her husband of witchcraft, but this courtesy wasnt extended to them. There were a number of men who would eagerly accuse their wives. Similar to this situation it was uncommon for the men to accuse other men [Washington Post]. The accused women were commonly childless, or they were considered to be old hags. Not only were the women in their community mainly accused, but a vast number of Native Americans were also accused of colluding with the devil. This was due to the reason that that the Natives did not worship any god or have a religion. In the eyes of the puritans it meant that they could easily succumb to the influence of the devil [Stone 5]. An example of this would be Tituba; the mixed race Native Indian and African slave from Barbado s, who was accused of witchcraft by the girls in the Parish household. It can be said that the Puritan ideology is a form of theocracy. Theocracy is a form of government where religion plays a pivotal part in the final judgment. As defined by the Oxford English Dictionary theocracy is a system of government in which priests rule in the name of God or a god. This form of government was commonly followed by early civilizations and started to diminish after the age of enlightenment [Encyclopedia Britannica]. Contrary to what sources have said it can be seen that this form of government was followed during the time of the Salem witch trials. The Salem Witch trials are an example of how religious extremism and misogyny lead to the ill-fated death of many people. As mentioned above there men, who were also a part of the trial, but in contrast to the number of men who were hanged there was a greater number of women who were hanged. The fact that there were men who were willing to claim their wives as witches was a result in the piety they had towards god. The puritans had blind faith in what was preached in the bible. What is ironic about this situation is that the ones who mainly accused people of witchcraft were not those of a lower and less educated background, but those where who were well known in society and had the most knowledge about witches. The unfair amount of accusations throw at women in comparison to those thrown at men during the witch trials can easily be seen. This unfairness can be due to the fact that women during the 16th century were challenged at every turn. The patriarchal system which wouldnt let them act according to their wishes. Although women never demonstrated any modern methods of feminism; such as rallies they tried to express themselves in the conditions they were facing. An increase in the education of women regarding subjects such as politics and culture let to the empowerment to these women. In the dynamics of the 16th century women were only allowed a limited amount of involvement in social affairs. They were advised against taking any political stance that countered the views of their husbands.in this society women were more or less expected to take charge or domestic affairs and nothing more than that, speaking up against this never ending cycle of patriarchy would mean that they could be thr own out of their homes. In specific if an unmarried women were to voice her opinion then she would be the focus of a witch hunt. The members of the society would feel that she was possessed by the devil for disrupting their way of life. An example of this would be the case of Anne Hutchinson; although this isnt in the context of Salem itrs an example of a women who was tried for when she voiced her opinion and took part in controversial activities. Anne Hutchinson, was a well educated women, who followed the puritan ideology. She challenged the authority of the clergy, and for doing so she was accused of witchcraft. After denying the transubstantiation charge and refusing to incriminate other puritan women she was claimed to be guilty. After being found guilty by the court she was burned at the stake. A feminist study conducted by Karlsen dealt with witchcraft on a mass scale. Her study, A Devil the Shape of Women analyses data on the witch trials from both Europe and New England. Her Analysis of these trials draw the conclusion that a majority of the people executed under the claim of witchcraft were mainly women who were over the age of 40 or unable to give birth. Karlsen also claims that the women who were accused did not fit into the traditional patriarchal framework. These women were not obedient housewives but rather chose to voice their opinions, they did not aid in the reinforcement of male domination within their home or in the community. Activities of this nature would be viewed as deviant by those who followed the traditional puritan views. Contrary to other studies on topics of similar nature, Karlsen sticks to her claim that the executed and accused women were held in a higher regard in society. She also stated that the clergy and political figures issued an apology after the end of the trial, when they were forced to admit their mistake and a handful f these men went ant privately apologized to the families whose member was a victim of the trials. The beliefs in witchcraft and the perception of women in New England were forever irrevocably redefined. Karlsenrs view on the trials were that they were a means to keep the nonconformist women of Salem in check. To make them fear the possibility of death and a slave to male authority. [Koicic 3]. Professor Reisrs work Damned Women: Sinners and Witches in Puritan New England (1999) is another work which deals with the reason behind why women were mostly accused and executed. In drawing the conclusion to her research she uses several texts which testify that the women in New England were to be under a more strict watch as they could possibly be influenced by the devil. Like Karlsen she also states that after the events of Salem there was a shift in the perception of women. One of the most notorious works on the Salem trials is The Crucible. Written in the year 1953 by play writer Arthur Miller. The play is a metaphor for the Red Scare (fear of communism) which was taking place at the time. The word crucible as defined by the Cambridge English Dictionary refers to a ceramic/clay pot in which metals can be melted and purified. While Arthur Miller never uses the word crucible in the play itself the title of the play acts a metaphor for the entire Salem witch trials, and Millerrs play itself. Millerrs play reflects the Salem community at the time of the trials; one that was engulfed by mass hysteria. It illuminates the effect of the theocratic government Salem was operating in at the time, and the ruthlessness of men in a higher position. While the crucible is play talking about the Salem witch trials, in reality it was a mirror used by Miller to reflect the communist hysteria at the time. Some may ask the question of what mass hysteria is. Mass Hysteria i s a phenomenon that is also referred to as ?collective obsessional behavior. The people effected by the psychological condition believe in the existence of a threat to their existence, whether real or imaginary. And the Salem trials are described as one of the most notorious cases of mass hysteria in Colonial America. Many scholars have come to the conclusion that the Witch trials have had a lasting effect on American history. It can be seen that the aftermath has played a great deal in shaping the area.

Beatriz, Salvioli . Ms. Pritchett. 9 Hon Per 1. 08 March

Beatriz, Salvioli Ms. Pritchett 9 HON per 1 08 March 2017 The immigration struggle Why should America punish immigrants when they are helping the economy? William J Clinton once said, â€Å"we must say no to illegal immigration so we can continue to say yes to legal immigration.†(Johnson 1). The American dream should stop being just a dream. It shouldn’t be limited to only a few people. Immigrants shouldn’t have a rougher time coming to America, but handed opportunities that everyone else is offered. There has been a lot of growth in our economy; a growth of â€Å"4.8 percent as measured in GDP (Growth Domestic Product) after immigration †(Buchmueller 2) â€Å"Immigration enforcement without immigration reform is an economic dead end.† (Buchmueller†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"House Speaker John Boehner and other major Republican figures have stated that it is unlikely for any significant developments in immigration policy to take place this year.†(Razzano 1) According to Jairo Ramos â€Å"the American system is very broken when it comes to legislation and immigration laws.† Even though so many people disagree with legalizing immigrants they don’t know the true meaning of being one and many people don’t even know the difference of an immigrant and a migrant. A migrant is a person who moves from one region to another, often within a particular country while an immigrant is someone who permanently moves to another country. (Carver 1) . Permanent settlements bringing in an income doesn’t only help the immigrants but it also helps the economy since they spend that money back into it. There has been some rumors that immigrants make money in the United States and then send it back to their own country but even if that’s true which it is in some cases it doesn’t bring the economy down like deporting immigrants would according to Jairo Ramos. Salvioli 3 The American Dream should stop being just a dream. It shouldn’t be limited to only those born in this country. Immigrants shouldn’t have a rougher time coming to America. They shouldn’t have additional battles but they should be handed opportunities like the rest of America is offered. What if you were an immigrant? Wouldn’t you want someone to be fighting for your rights and

Personal Criminological Theory Essay Sample free essay sample

As I am about to come in this criminology class. I would wish to portion my theories on what influences an person to perpetrate an improper act such as a offense. Several factors may trip an person to execute an illegal act. My penetrations are derived from personal observation of persons that I had the chance to cover with and acquire to cognize in my mundane activities. I will depict each factor with specific illustrations and accounts in order to supply a full description. Based on my personal observations. I would propose that one factor that influences an person to perpetrate a offense is personality upset ( Blair and Cipolotti. 2000 ) . A individual who can non separate what is right from incorrect tend to make anything he wants to make. regardless of its consequence on other people. every bit good as himself. In other fortunes. an single with a peculiar personality upset enjoys seeing and subjecting people in hurting hence he will sharply prosecute the option of aiming possible victims and anguish or kill them. We will write a custom essay sample on Personal Criminological Theory Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A individual may besides hold an anti-social disposition due to some psychological instability. If he is provoked by a individual within his little environment. he gets emotionally hurt and upset and rapidly decides that he has to support himself from the interloper therefore taking to assail the other single Another factor that may act upon an person to perpetrate a offense is his developmental background. Children who are brought up in the presence of offense. choler and abrasiveness tend to absorb the same mentality and emotions when they grow up as grownups. Children of felons perceive that their household is normal because that is what they observe mundane hence they think that robbery and slaying are common activities in everyone’s lives ( Caspiet Al. . 2002 ) . Social behaviour is besides another factor that influences criminalism. Certain persons incorporate force and aggression in their personalities therefore executing condemnable Acts of the Apostless will be no different from their normal attitude and activities. Specific societies around the universe that perceive felons or possible felons based on the physical characteristics of an person. For illustration. large-framed work forces with evil-expressing facial visual aspects are rapidly categorized as goons in developing states while fine-looking work forces are easy equated as sort and compassionate persons. As for females. those that appear with hints of maleness in their faces and parts of their organic structures are besides categorized as possible felons. My premises are congruous with early criminological informations of Earnest A. Hooton ( 1887 – 1954 ) . who is a extremely acclaimed physical anthropologist and evolutionist. Much of his work focused on interindividual fluctuations based on physiological and anatomical features. including measurings of buttock-knee lengths as the chief footing for building seats for the Pennsylvania railroad trains. Hooton was besides recognized for his constructs in primatology and comparative anatomy as footing for explicating differences in the homo every bit good as archpriest species. He was successful in depicting a primary race. of which can be farther subdivided in several racial subtypes. He is a advocate of the construct of eugenics. which involves familial choice of traits that are deemed good to the current population ( Engs. 2005 ) . The field of eugenics has been an involvement in the field of biological science and medical specialty because it facilitates the creative activity o f new haplotypes that may be positively choice in the class of development. Hooton’s work is besides important to our current scientific construct of offense because he persistently attempted to turn out that condemnable have biologically distinguishable features from non-criminals ( Walker. 2001 ) . His anthropological work on physical differences based on a population of about 13. 873 male captives from 10 different provinces across the United States. His consequences strengthened his claim on the biological causes of force and aggression and that his claimed that condemnable behaviour is a simple representation of an inferior type of human species that has degenerated. Unfortunately. Hooton was unequal in incorporating the construct of population genetic sciences into his research because he randomly took 3. 023 work forces from the general population to carry on a comparative analysis of physical differences. His measuring of brows. palpebras. ears. zygomatic bones. jaws. mentums and shoulders resulted in a confusing supportive grounds for his cla im. He explained in one of his published plants that biological science plays a major function in the development of persons and society and that the environment is wrongly blamed for any failure that befalls an person ( Hooton. 1939 ) . The research claim of Hooton had sparked more attempt into finding the footing behind criminalism. Other research workers from different Fieldss of specialisation ridicules Hooton’s work. depicting it as the amusing effort in specifying condemnable behaviour. The general reaction to Hooton’s claim that felons are biologically inferior was condemned. Sociologists refused to accept the impression that physical unattractiveness is strongly correlated to condemnable behaviour. If I had the opportunity to execute a survey. I would reiterate Hooton’s work yet this clip I will be careful in the information analysis portion of the survey because that is where his work what earnestly criticized. I will be careful in the aggregation of informations and be cautious in picking which persons in gaol will be included in my measurings. I will do certain that the persons included in the survey are age-matched and sex-matched so that any prejudices can be avoided. I will besides include any Torahs that are followed in the field of population genetic sciences. doing certain that I perform the informations aggregation from a big adequate population so that any random happenings that happen within the population will non impact or falsify my probe. Several factors influence an person to execute an improper act. Personality upset. developmental background and societal behaviour are a few of the factors that determine whether an person will hold a inclination to make injury. It is therefore of import that each condemnable instance be exhaustively understood in order to find the motivation of the condemnable. I look frontward to larning the rule behind criminalism and would wish to utilize that information to better understand the association between biological science and criminalism. Mentions Blair RJ and Cipolotti L ( 2000 ) : Impaired societal response reversal. A instance of ‘acquired sociopathy’ . Brain 123:1122–1141. Caspi A. McClay J. Moffi terrestrial time TE. Mill J and Martin J ( 2002 ) : Function of genotype in the rhythm of force in abused kids. Science 297:851–854. Engs RC ( 2005 ) : The eugenics motion: An encyclopaedia. Westport. Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group. Hooton EA ( 1939 ) : Crime and the adult male. Cambridge. Ma: Harvard University Press. Walker PL ( 2001 ) : A bioarchaeological position on the history of force. Annu Rev Anthropol 30: 573–596.